WHAT IS SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE?
Sodium hypochlorite, “NaOCl” (also known as “hypo”, “bleach”,
or “liquid chlorine”), is a powerful oxidant that is used
world-wide for the chlorination of water for disinfection
HOW ON-SITE SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE IS PRODUCED?
Salt
is composed of sodium and chloride. When in solution and
electricity DC is passed through special electrodes, the
chlorides will disassociate to form chlorine. The process is
basically as follows:
•
Electrolysis occurs in a cell when a DC current is passed
through a saline water solution or brine
•
At the anode: Oxidation of chloride ions produce chlorine (Cl2)
•
At the cathode: Reduction of water produce sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
and hydrogen (H2)
•
Liberated chlorine reacts with the sodium hydroxide to
generate sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)
•
The overall reaction is as follows:
2NaCl
(salt) +
H2O (water)
NaOCl
(hypo) +
NaCl (salt) +
H2 (hydrogen)
DOSING OF CHLORINE INTO THE WATER
One liter of 0.6% (6000 ppm) sodium hypochlorite solution mixed into 6000 liters of water will produce a 1ppm concentration. Likewise, to produce a 2 ppm concentration, add 2 liters of 0.6% sodium hypochlorite solution to 6000 liters of water.
TANK CAPACITY |
DOSAGE OF THE SOLUTION OF NaOCl AT 0.6% CONCENTRATION
|
|
|
2 PPM |
3 PPM |
4 PPM |
Gals. |
Liters. |
Liters. |
Gals. |
Grams of Cl2 |
Liters. |
Gals |
Grams of Cl2 |
Liters. |
Gals. |
Grams of Cl2 |
1000 |
3800 |
1.3 |
0.3 |
7.6 |
1.9 |
0.5 |
11.4 |
2.5 |
0.7 |
15.1 |
5000 |
19000 |
6.3 |
1.7 |
37.9 |
9.5 |
2.5 |
56.8 |
12.6 |
3.3 |
75.7 |
6000 |
23000 |
7.6 |
2.0 |
45.4 |
11.4 |
3.0 |
68.1 |
15.1 |
4.0 |
90.9 |
7000 |
26000 |
8.8 |
2.3 |
53.0 |
13.2 |
3.5 |
79.5 |
17.7 |
4.7 |
106.0 |
8000 |
30000 |
10.1 |
2.7 |
60.6 |
15.1 |
4.0 |
90.9 |
20.2 |
5.3 |
121.1 |
9000 |
34000 |
11.4 |
3.0 |
68.1 |
17.0 |
4.5 |
102.2 |
22.7 |
6.0 |
136.3 |
10000 |
38000 |
12.6 |
3.3 |
75.7 |
18.9 |
5.0 |
113.6 |
25.2 |
6.7 |
151.4 |
ADVANTAGES OF ELECTROCHLORINATION:
- Raw material: locally available (water + salt + electricity)
- On-site: generated at the point of use and application
- On demand: only when required
- No bulk storage: because is generated on demand
- Safe for the operator: low concentration
- Safe for environment: chlorine decomposes back into common
salt
- Generate Sustainable Projects
Theory of Chlorination and Operation